The Emperor’s Stone: A Monumental Obsession In the year 1122, during the Xuanhe era of Emperor Huizong’s reign, workers discovered […]
The Twilight of Imperial Splendor In the spring of 1127, as Emperor Huizong and Emperor Qinzong of the Northern Song […]
A Kingdom in Crisis: The Fall of Northern Song The year 1127 marked one of China’s most humiliating historical moments—the […]
A Dynasty in Crisis: The Fall of the Northern Song The early 12th century marked one of China’s most humiliating […]
The Collapse of an Empire The year 1127 marked the catastrophic end of the Northern Song Dynasty, as the Jurchen-led […]
The Collapse of an Empire and Its Human Cost The year 1127 marked one of the most devastating moments in […]
A Kingdom in Crisis: The Collapse of Northern Song The year 1127 marked one of the most humiliating chapters in […]
The Last New Year in Bianjing The first day of the lunar new year in 1127 should have been Bianjing’s […]
The Siege That Shook an Empire In the freezing winter of 1126, the fate of Northern Song China hung in […]
The Precarious Peace After the Jin Withdrawal When the Jin armies withdrew from Kaifeng in early 1127, Emperor Qinzong of […]
The Gathering Storm: Northern Song on the Brink In the winter of 1126, the Northern Song capital of Bianjing (modern […]
A Kingdom on the Brink In the winter of 1126, the Northern Song dynasty faced its greatest crisis. Emperor Qinzong, […]
The Fractured Frontier: Song-Jin Borderlands The Song-Jin frontier stretched from Shanxi to Hebei, roughly demarcated by the Yan Mountains, dividing […]
The Fragile Peace Between Jin and Song The early 12th century witnessed a dramatic shift in East Asian geopolitics as […]
The Origins of the “Resentment Army” and the Fall of Liaodong In the sixth year of the Zhenghe era (1116 […]
The Hunter-Diplomat: Ma Kuo’s Encounter with the Jurchen In the winter of 1120, an extraordinary cultural collision unfolded in the […]
A Kingdom in Turmoil: The 1116 Liaodong Rebellion The year 1116 marked a turning point in Northeast Asian geopolitics when […]
The Dawn of an Unprecedented Era In March 1063, the longest-reigning emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, Emperor Renzong, passed […]