The Strategic Importance of Lüshun Lüshun, located at the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula, served as a crucial corridor […]
The Gathering Storm: Origins of the First Sino-Japanese War The late 19th century was a period of profound transformation in […]
The Roots of Regional Factionalism in Joseon Korea Long before the 19th century, Korean society had been deeply influenced by […]
The Desperate Telegram That Shook Shenyang In the waning days of the eighth lunar month, 1894, Yuan Shikai—then a rising […]
The Rise and Flaws of China’s First Modern Navy In the late 19th century, the Qing Dynasty faced mounting pressure […]
The Strategic Relocation to Hiroshima On September 8, 1894, Imperial Japan’s military headquarters—the Daihon’ei—moved from Tokyo to Hiroshima. This decision, […]
A Powder Keg of Discontent Among Qing Troops In the summer of 1894, as tensions between China and Japan escalated […]
A Nation Divided Against Itself The late 19th century presented a Qing Dynasty riven by ethnic tensions and political factionalism. […]
The Crumbling Legacy of the Huai Army By the 1890s, the once-formidable Huai Army—founded by Li Hongzhang four decades earlier […]
The Road to War: Rising Tensions in East Asia The late 19th century witnessed a dramatic shift in East Asian […]