Fraternal Rivalry and Court Factions in the Xianfeng Era The tumultuous reign of Emperor Xianfeng (1850-1861) witnessed one of the […]
The Roots of Conflict: Trade Imbalance and Imperial Ambitions The mid-19th century witnessed a dramatic clash between China’s traditional world […]
The Rise and Fracture of the Heavenly Kingdom The Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864) began as a radical uprising against the Qing […]
The Rise of Hong Xiuquan and the God Worshippers Society In the early 19th century, China under the Qing dynasty […]
The Collapse of Traditional Forces and the Birth of a New Army In the wake of the devastating Taiping Rebellion […]
A New Emperor’s Ambitious Beginning When Emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne in 1850 at the age of 19, he inherited […]
A Monarch’s Dilemma: The Uncertain Succession of Emperor Daoguang The year was 1846, and the aging Emperor Daoguang of the […]
The Ancient Doctrine of Hua-Yi Distinction For millennia, Chinese civilization developed under the profound influence of what scholars called the […]
The Opium War and the Collapse of Traditional Boundaries The Treaty of Nanjing (1842) marked a catastrophic turning point in […]
The Road to Conflict: Britain’s Long-Term Ambitions in China British designs on China took shape decades before the first shots […]
The Flourishing of Literary Compilation in Qing China The Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) witnessed an unprecedented surge in the compilation of […]
The Qing Dynasty’s Promotion of Confucian Orthodoxy The early Qing rulers systematically promoted Confucian philosophy and Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism as state […]
The Qing Dynasty (1644–1912) witnessed an extraordinary flourishing of Chinese literature, particularly in the realm of fiction. Amidst the rigid […]
The Origins of Evidential Research in Early Qing The Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) witnessed an extraordinary intellectual movement that transformed Chinese […]
The Historical Foundations of Qing Dynasty Advancement The Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) marked a period of remarkable scientific and technological progress […]
Early European Ambitions in Ming and Qing China The story of European colonial expansion into China begins long before the […]
The Historical Context of Sino-Russian Tensions The Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689) temporarily halted Tsarist Russia’s expansion into China’s Amur River […]
Introduction: A Pivotal Era in East Asian Diplomacy The early Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) witnessed both the strengthening of traditional ties […]
The Decline of the Qing and Rising Social Unrest The Jiaqing and Daoguang periods (1796-1850) marked a turning point in […]
The Twilight of an Empire: Historical Context The Jiaqing (1796-1820) and Daoguang (1821-1850) periods marked a critical phase in the […]
The Cracks in the Golden Age The mid-Qianlong era (1735-1796) marked a turning point in Qing dynasty history. While often […]
The Golden Age and Its Hidden Cracks The Qianlong Emperor’s reign (1735-1796) marked both the pinnacle and turning point of […]
