A Kingdom Divided: The Fragile Southern Ming Alliance In the turbulent mid-17th century, the Southern Ming regime under the Yongli […]
The Turbulent Origins of a Ming Loyalist Li Dingguo, born in Suide, Shaanxi during the chaotic final years of the […]
The Fragile Court of the Yongli Emperor The Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang’s reign (1646-1662) represented the last gasp of the […]
The Fragile Southern Ming Dynasty in Exile By the mid-17th century, the Ming dynasty’s flame flickered precariously in southern China. […]
The Historical Context of the Hunan Stalemate By the spring of 1653, the protracted conflict between the Southern Ming and […]
The Shattered Ming Loyalists and Their Precarious Alliance In the turbulent mid-17th century, as the Qing dynasty consolidated its rule […]
The Fragmented Southern Ming Court The mid-17th century witnessed the dramatic collapse of China’s Ming Dynasty, replaced by the Manchu-led […]
The Fragile State of the Southern Ming Resistance By 1654, the Southern Ming dynasty—a remnant of the fallen Ming Empire—was […]
The Shattered Southern Ming and a Fragile Alliance In the turbulent mid-17th century, as the Ming dynasty crumbled before the […]
The Last Stand of the Southern Ming By the early 1650s, the Southern Ming resistance against the Qing dynasty hung […]
The Fragmented Southern Ming and the Rise of Li Dingguo By the mid-17th century, the Ming dynasty was in its […]
The Fractured Resistance: Southern Ming’s Precarious Position By 1653, the Southern Ming resistance against the Qing conquest had reached a […]
The Fractured Peace: Background of Qing-Zheng Relations The mid-17th century witnessed one of the most dramatic confrontations in Chinese history […]
The Rise of Zheng Chenggong and Qing Dynasty’s Dilemma In the turbulent years of 1651-1652 (Shunzhi 8-9, Yongli 5-6), Zheng […]
A Crisis for the Qing: The Shattering of Invincibility The year 1652 marked a turning point for the newly established […]
The Rise and Swift Decline of the Manchu Eight Banners The Manchu Eight Banners, once the formidable military backbone of […]
The Rise of the Southern Ming Resistance In the turbulent mid-17th century, as the Qing dynasty consolidated its rule over […]
The Fragmented Landscape of 17th-Century China By 1651, China stood divided between the crumbling Ming dynasty and the ascendant Qing […]
The Collapse of the Ming and the Rise of Southern Resistance As the Ming Dynasty crumbled in 1644 under peasant […]
The Fragile Balance of Power in Southern China In the turbulent mid-17th century, as the Ming dynasty crumbled before the […]
The Fragile Revival of Southern Ming Resistance By late 1650, Sun Kewang had consolidated control over the remaining military forces […]
The Collapse of Ming and Rise of Qing in Jiangxi When Qing forces under Jin Shengheng and Wang Deren entered […]
