The Spark That Ignited the Opium War The Opium War (1839–1842) marked a turning point in China’s modern history, exposing […]
The Gathering Storm: Origins of the Opium War The early 19th century saw a growing imbalance between Qing China and […]
The Tinderbox of Sino-British Relations In the turbulent years leading up to the First Opium War (1839–1842), the bustling port […]
The Fragile System of Canton Trade In the early 19th century, China’s foreign trade operated through an elaborate but precarious […]
The Historical Stage: Qing China at a Crossroads In the early 19th century, the Qing Dynasty faced a crisis that […]
The Scholarly Foundations of Xuehaitang In 1824, during the fourth year of the Daoguang Emperor’s reign, the eminent Qing scholar […]
The Age of Seclusion: Historical Context During the 17th–19th centuries, both Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate and China under the […]
The Age of Isolation: Qing China and Tokugawa Japan In the early modern period, both Qing China and Tokugawa Japan […]
The Twilight of the Qianlong Golden Age The Opium War erupted in 1840, the 20th year of the Daoguang Emperor’s […]
